Advanced: Lesson 6
In lesson of the advanced course, we'll be learning how to make causative form. This is the last form there is to learn.
You can think of causative form as "to make someone do something".
How to make causative form?
For group 1 verbs, you can change the i to a + せ.
For group 2 verbs, simply add させ to the verb.
For group 3 verbs, します becomes させます and 来ます becomes こさせます.
- Verbs turned into causative form are automatically group 2 verbs.
Usage of causative verbs
You can use causative verbs to describe:
A made B do something.
1. 兄は私に昼御飯を買わせました。
2. 友達は私にたばこをやめさせました。
3. 部長は木村さんに残業されました。
4. 私は友達に待たせました。
- You can use ばかりです if it feels short to you.
Causative + くれる & あげる
You can also use the causative form to express "Someone let someone do something".
くれる is to receive.
あげる is to give.
1. 子供時、両親は[私に]ペットを飼わせてくれませんでした。
2. 父は[私に]一人ぐらいしをさせてくれない。
3. ゲムする時、時々私は友達に勝たせてあげます。
- We use はずでした to describe a failed prediction
- We use はずがありません to describe something wasn't supposed to happen.
- The difference between ないはずです and はずがありません is that the latter is a stronger expression.
Causative + 下さい
You can use causative form + 下さい to express "Please let me do it".
1. すみません、考えさせて下さい！
2. やらせてください！
3. 疲れた！寝させて下さい！
Causative + passive
In I2: Lesson 8, we learned about the passive form and its usage. Verbs in passive form are often used to express the feeling of being at the receiving end of something bad.
Combined with the causative form, you can express the same feeling because you're being forced to do something.
Causative-passive verbs are basically in passive form. Hence, the sentence structure would have to adhere to that. See I2: Lesson 8.
1. 私は友達に駅で１時間待たせられました。
2. 私は母に皿を洗わせられました。
3. 私は両親にサッカーを諦めさせられました。
- Because causative verbs are group 2 verbs, you can simply add られ to turn it into causative-passive verb.
- Causative-passive verbs are basically in passive form. Hence, the sentence structure would have to adhere to that.